Fluid Examination Routine - Synovial Fluid
Also Known As
Test Parameters Included
- Synovial Fluid Cell Count (WBC/μL), RBC/μL, Differential Count (Polys, Lymphs, Monocytes, Macrophages), Mucin Clot Test, Crystal Examination, Gram Stain & Culture, Glucose (mg/dL), Protein (g/dL), LDH, Appearance & Viscosity Assessment
- Pathologist Clinical Pathology Remark - correlated with inflammatory, septic, and degenerative joint conditions
Department
Methodology
Sample Required
Preparation
Schedule Report
24 Hours
Emergency Report
Yes
Frequently Asked Questions
Why is synovial fluid examination done?
It helps diagnose the cause of joint swelling and pain, distinguishing between septic arthritis, gout, pseudogout, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoarthritis based on fluid appearance and cell count.
How is the sample collected?
Synovial fluid is obtained via arthrocentesis, where a sterile needle draws fluid from the affected joint space after local cleaning and anesthesia.
What do high white blood cell counts in synovial fluid indicate?
WBC above 50,000/μL strongly suggests septic arthritis, while 2,000–50,000/μL may indicate inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis or gout.
Is fasting required before this test?
No, fasting is not required for synovial fluid examination as it is collected directly from the joint, not from blood.
What is the turnaround time for results?
Routine synovial fluid analysis reports are typically available within 24 hours. Culture results may take 48–72 hours.
Can this test detect infections in the joint?
Yes, Gram stain and culture of synovial fluid can identify bacterial pathogens causing septic arthritis, which is a medical emergency requiring prompt treatment.
Test Description
Test Code
F12
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