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IA2 - Insulin Antibodies by ELISA

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Also Known As

#1) IA-2 Autoantibodies (IA-2A) #2) Islet Antigen 2 Antibodies #3) Tyrosine Phosphatase Antibodies #4) ICA512 (Islet Cell Antigen 512) #5) Type 1 Diabetes Autoantibody Screen #6) Islet Cell Autoantibody Test #7) IA2 Antibody - ELISA #8) Autoimmune Diabetes Marker #9) Pancreatic Islet Antigen 2 Test #10) IA-2 Quantitation #11) LADA (Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults) Screen #12) IA-2 Tyrosine Phosphatase-like Protein Antibody #13) Islet Cell Cytoplasmic Antibody (part of the family) #14) Anti-IA2 Test #15) Islet Cell Antibody Panel (Component)

Test Parameters Included

IA-2 (Islet Antigen 2) Antibodies
Significance: IA-2 is a major autoantigen in Type 1 Diabetes.
This test measures the concentration of antibodies directed against the tyrosine phosphatase-like protein (IA-2) found in the pancreatic islet cell membranes.

Department

SPECIALITY - BIOCHEMISTRY

Methodology

ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay)

Sample Required

SERUM (2ML)

Preparation

#1) No Fasting Required: You do not need to fast before this test. #2) Medication History: Inform your doctor if you are currently taking insulin or other glucose-regulating medications. While these don't typically interfere with the IA-2 antibody assay itself, they are important for clinical correlation. #3) Immuno-modulators: Let the lab know if you have recently received any immunosuppressive therapy, as this could potentially lower antibody levels. #4) Recent Vaccinations: It is advisable to wait a few days after a viral vaccination, though not strictly required, to ensure a stable immune profile. #5) Hydration: Ensure you are well-hydrated for an easier blood draw.

Schedule Report

3 Days

Emergency Report

Yes

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between IA-2 and GAD65 antibodies?

Both target the pancreas, but they target different proteins. IA-2 is often associated with a more rapid progression to complete insulin dependence, especially in children.

If I test positive for IA-2, will I definitely get diabetes?

A positive result indicates a significantly increased risk. If you have multiple types of islet antibodies (e.g., IA-2 and GAD65), the risk of developing Type 1 Diabetes is very high.

Can Type 2 diabetics have IA-2 antibodies?

Usually, no. If a person diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes tests positive, they likely have LADA, which is a slow-progressing form of autoimmune diabetes.

Does an insulin injection affect the IA-2 test?

No. Unlike "Insulin Autoantibodies (IAA)," which can be triggered by insulin injections, IA-2 antibodies are specific to the islet cell protein and are not affected by external insulin.

Why does the report take 3 days?

The ELISA methodology involves several incubation and washing steps to ensure high sensitivity and accuracy, which requires specialized laboratory processing time.

Can children take this test?

Yes, IA-2 is a critical marker in pediatric diabetes diagnostics.

Is IA-2 the same as ICA512?

Yes, ICA512 was the original name for the antigen that was later identified as IA-2.

Can I be IA-2 positive but have normal blood sugar?

Yes. Antibodies often appear months or even years before blood sugar levels start to rise. This is known as the "pre-clinical" stage of Type 1 Diabetes.

Is there a cure if I test positive?

Currently, there is no way to "turn off" the antibodies, but early detection allows for better monitoring and management to prevent complications like Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA).

What is ELISA?

ELISA is a highly sensitive biochemical technique that uses enzymes and color changes to identify and quantify specific substances like antibodies in a blood sample.

Test Description

IA2 - Insulin Antibodies by ELISA Examination Overview Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune condition where the body's immune system mist...

Test Code

I19

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