• #1) Cellular Immunity & General Health (EDTA Blood):
• Complete Blood Count (CBC)
• Absolute Lymphocyte Count
• #2) Humoral & Innate Immunity (Serum):
• Immunoglobulin M (IgM)
• Immunoglobulin G (IgG)
• Immunoglobulin A (IgA)
• Complement 4 (C4)
• Complement 3 (C3)
• #3) Renal & Systemic Health (Urine):
• Complete Urine Analysis (CUE)

What is the main purpose of measuring Immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, IgM)?

They are measured to assess the body's adaptive (antibody-based) immunity, checking for normal antibody production, active infection, or immune deficiencies.

Why are Complement C3 and C4 important?

C3 and C4 are central components of the innate immune system. Low levels can indicate that the complement system is being excessively consumed, often seen in autoimmune conditions like SLE.

Is fasting required for this test?

No, fasting is generally not required for the PathoFit Immunity Health Package, but normal hydration is encouraged for the urine sample.

What is the significance of the Absolute Lymphocyte Count?

Lymphocytes are the primary white blood cells responsible for adaptive immunity (T-cells and B-cells). The absolute count shows if the cellular arm of the immune system is sufficiently robust.

Can this test diagnose an autoimmune disease?

It provides strong evidence. For instance, low C3/C4 combined with high IgG is highly suggestive of an active autoimmune process like Lupus, but a definitive diagnosis requires further specific tests (e.g., ANA).

What does a high IgM level usually indicate?

A high IgM level usually suggests a recent or acute infection, as IgM is the first class of antibody produced upon exposure to a new antigen.

What is the role of the Complete Urine Analysis (CUE) in an immunity package?

The CUE is included to screen for protein in the urine or signs of kidney damage (nephritis), which are common complications or manifestations of systemic autoimmune diseases.

Why are three different types of samples needed?

Different analytes require different sample types. Blood cells need EDTA to prevent clotting; Immunoglobulins/Complements require Serum; and the CUE requires a separate Urine sample.

What does Immunoturbidometry mean?

It's a laboratory technique where the concentration of a substance (like an immunoglobulin) is measured by shining light through the sample and measuring the resultant cloudiness (turbidity) caused by the antigen-antibody reaction.

Can the test results be affected by a common cold?

Yes, an active infection like a common cold can transiently increase your IgM and IgG levels and slightly alter your CBC and lymphocyte count, reflecting an active immune response.

Is this test suitable for children?

Yes, it is often used for children with recurrent ear infections, pneumonia, or failure to thrive to screen for pediatric immunodeficiencies.

If my Ig levels are low, does that mean I have HIV?

Low Ig levels indicate a general immunodeficiency. While HIV is a cause of secondary immunodeficiency, it would require specific HIV testing (e.g., HIV p24 Ag/Ab) for diagnosis.

Are C3 and C4 the only complement factors?

No, there are over 30 proteins in the complement system, but C3 and C4 are the most commonly measured clinically as they indicate the overall activation status of the pathway.

How does the CBC help in assessing immunity?

The CBC provides the total and differential counts of white blood cells (neutrophils, lymphocytes, etc.). Any deviation suggests a systemic response to infection, inflammation, or an underlying bone marrow issue.

How quickly can I get the results?

We provide the comprehensive results for the PathoFit Immunity Health Package within 24 Hours.